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Table 5 Risk* of disability pension according to female gender in musculoskeletal subgroups, adjusted for sociodemographic variables

From: Gender differences in disability after sickness absence with musculoskeletal disorders: five-year prospective study of 37,942 women and 26,307 men

 

Model 1

 

Model 2

Diagnostic group

HR

95%

CI

P

 

HR

95%

CI

P

Full sample

1.34

1.28

1.40

0.00

 

1.09

1.03

1.14

0.01

Upper limb

1.17

1.07

1.23

0.01

 

1.05

0.95

1.16

0.23

Lower limb

1.23

0.99

1.54

0.07

 

1.23

0.94

1.59

0.13

Other,unspecified

1.41

1.19

1.67

0.00

 

1.21

1.00

1.47

0.05

Back problems

1.40

1.29

1.52

0.00

 

1.10

1.00

1.21

0.05

Neck problems

1.05

0.93

1.19

0.44

 

0.83

0.72

0.96

0.01

Myalgia/fibromyalgia

1.76

1.40

2.22

0.00

 

1.44

1.12

1.85

0.00

Osteoarthrosis

1.28

1.06

1.54

0.01

 

0.89

0.71

1.11

0.29

Rheumatoid arthritis

1.48

1.24

1.76

0.00

 

1.13

0.92

1.38

0.26

  1. N = 26,307 men and 37,942 women sickness absent > 8 weeks followed up for 5 years
  2. * Hazards ratio [HR] with 95% confidence interval [95% CI]
  3. Model 1: female gender, adjusted for age
  4. Model 2: female gender adjusted for age, education, income, weekly working hours, caring for children