Table 1 Characteristics of participants performing the exercise protocol and age matched-patients with LBP.
From: Self-reported pain and disability outcomes from an endogenous model of muscular back pain
| Healthy participants (n = 52) | Patients with LBP[26](n = 33) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Median | Range | Median | Range |
| Age (years) | 23 | 18, 32 | 24 | 18, 32 |
| Sex (% female) | 31 | 60% | 22 | 66% |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 42 | 81% | 25 | 76% |
| African American | 5 | 10% | 5 | 15% |
| Asian | 4 | 8% | 1 | 3% |
| Native American | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 1 | 2% | 1 | 3% |
| More than one race | 8 | - | ||
| Pain intensity | 16 | 0, 63 | 50 | 0, 70 |
| Disability | 4 | 0, 30 | 28 | 0, 74 |
| Fear of pain (FPQ-III) | 74.7 | 30, 110 | - | |
| Kinesiophobia (TSK) | 18.5 | 11, 26 | - | |