From: Pullout strength of pedicle screws with cement augmentation in severe osteoporosis: A comparative study between cannulated screws with cement injection and solid screws with cement pre-filling
Design factor
Level 1
Level 2
Screw shape
Conical
Cylindrical
Cement augmentation technique
PMMA pre-filling (Solid screw)
PMMA injection (Cannulated screw)
Screw insertion type
Full insertion
Back-out