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Table 4 Cluster score changes and pairwise analyses for significance after the four week pain management program

From: Differences in pain, function and coping in Multidimensional Pain Inventory subgroups of chronic back pain: a one-group pretest-posttest study

MPI subgroup

Interpersonally distressed

(n = 61)

Adaptive copers

(n = 56)

Dysfunctional

(n = 50)

p

Subscales

Entry (m,s)

Discharge (m,s)

ES (95% CI)

Entry (m,s)

Discharge (m,s)

ES (95% CI)

Entry (m,s)

Discharge (m,s)

ES (95% CI)

ID-AC

ID-DYS

AC-DYS

MPI

            

Pain severity

70.4 (16.4)

61.7 (20.3)

0.53 (0.24-0.81)

77.3 (13.2)

61.2 (18.1)

1.22 (0.86-1.58)

84.3 (11.9)

74.3 (19.3)

0.84 (0.44-1.24)

0.006

0.900

0.055

Interference with pain

64.9 (14.1)

57.8 (17.8)

0.50 (0.24-0.77)

66.2 (14.7)

54.8 (17.7)

0.78 (0.50-1.05)

85.3 (10.2)

76.0 (17.2)

0.92 (0.49-1.34)

0.201

0.271

0.847

Life control

48.1 (18.1)

57.2 (20.0)

0.50 (0.22-0.79)

63.4 (13.6)

67.5 (16.9)

0.30 (-0.06-0.66)

31.9 (17.3)

50.9 (18.2)

1.10 (0.76-1.43)

0.289

0.032

0.008

Affective distress

55.7 (21.9)

46.9 (20.4)

0.41 (0.20-0.61)

39.7 (18.5)

32.9 (20.2)

0.37 (0.11-0.62)

76.1 (16.0)

55.3 (21.7)

1.30 (0.91-1.70)

0.650

0.001

0.001

Support

41.2 (24.1)

45.6 (26.1)

0.18 (-0.03-0.40)

89.1 (12.0)

83.4 (15.7)

-0.47 (-0.74 - -0.21)

87.1 (14.7)

81.6 (17.9)

-0.38 (-0.69 - -0.07)

0.001

0.019

0.565

Solicitous responses

32.5 (17.5)

37.9 (23.9)

0.31 (0.02-0.60)

77.7 (16.3)

72.3 (20.8)

-0.33 (-0.57 - -0.09)

73.6 (17.7)

71.0 (22.7)

-0.15 (-0.38-0.09)

0.002

0.017

0.397

General activities

40.8 (12.5)

40.8 (15.4)

0.00 (-0.22-0.23)

41.5 (12.9)

42.8 (15.5)

0.10 (-0.07-0.27)

32.0 (14.4)

34.9 (17.0)

0.20 (-0.01-0.41)

0.691

0.594

0.343

SF-36

            

Physical functioning

46.0 (20.7)

51.1 (21.4)

0.25 (0.05-0.44)

43.1 (22.2)

51.3 (22.6)

0.37 (0.16-0.58)

34.7 (19.6)

41.0 (22.0)

0.32 (0.12-0.53)

0.675

0.354

0.839

Bodily pain

23.5 (12.7)

31.0 (15.4)

0.60 (0.26-0.94)

19.5 (11.1)

30.5 (15.4)

0.99 (0.61-1.37)

14.0 (12.8)

18.1 (14.1)

0.32 (0.09-0.56)

0.083

0.330

0.007

Mental health

46.8 (20.4)

54.3 (19.1)

0.37 (0.16-0.57)

57.8 (19.1)

64.4 (17.5)

0.34 (0.15-0.54)

33.4 (13.9)

45.4 (19.1)

0.86 (0.55-1.17)

0.926

0.073

0.057

HADS

            

Anxiety

52.5 (22.1)

57.9 (18.3)

0.25 (0.06-0.43)

60.5 (18.5)

66.1 (17.0)

0.30 (0.12-0.48)

37.5 (15.4)

43.7 (18.8)

0.40 (0.15-0.65)

0.438

0.341

0.585

Depression

57.5 (20.1)

64.6 (21.0)

0.35 (0.18-0.53)

65.1 (18.4)

72.9 (20.1)

0.42 (0.24-0.60)

39.9 (18.3)

48.0 (24.0)

0.44 (0.18-0.71)

0.311

0.655

0.864

CSQ

            

Catastrophizing

50.2 (17.9)

53.8 (19.4)

0.20 (0.02-0.39)

51.2 (15.4)

57.5 (18.8)

0.41 (0.19-0.64)

35.1 (17.2)

42.2 (21.2)

0.41 (0.17-0.65)

0.141

0.277

0.822

Increasing activity level

55.6 (15.0)

57.2 (17.4)

0.11 (-0.13-0.34)

63.8 (13.4)

64.2 (13.7)

0.03 (-0.20-0.26)

51.5 (16.9)

54.4 (17.2)

0.17 (-0.07-0.41)

0.621

0.766

0.852

Ability to control pain

48.0 (24.4)

48.0 (21.0)

0.00 (-0.28-0.28)

48.5 (22.1)

56.5 (18.7)

0.36 (0.13-0.60)

33.3 (22.8)

41.5 (22.3)

0.36 (0.09-0.63)

0.048

0.009

0.600

Ability to decrease pain

38.7 (20.4)

39.5 (20.0)

0.04 (-0.23-0.32)

36.9 (19.3)

49.4 (19.3)

0.65 (0.36-0.94)

32.3 (23.4)

38.0 (21.0)

0.24 (0.00-0.48)

0.003

0.776

0.025

  1. MPI = Multidimensional Pain Inventory; SF-36 = Medical Outcomes Studies Short Form-36; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; CSQ = Coping Strategies Questionnaire; m = mean subscale score; s = standard deviation; ES = effect size; p = significance level (type I error) of the Mann-Whitney-U-test