Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcome measures in the GPR and SE group.
|
GPR Group (n = 50) |
SE Group (n = 50) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr), mean (SD) | 45.5 (12.2) | 48.2 (13.2) | 0.291a |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 24.4 (3.2) | 25.1 (3.3) | 0.295a |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 28 (56.0) | 32 (64.0) | 0.414b |
| Male | 22 (44.0) | 18 (36.0) | |
| Education level, n (%) | |||
| Below high school diploma | 3 (6.0) | 10 (20.0) | 0.073b |
| High school diploma | 21 (42.0) | 22 (44.0) | |
| University degree or higher | 26 (52.0) | 18 (36.0) | |
| Socio-occupational status, n (%) | |||
| White-collar workers | 43 (86.0) | 31 (62.0) | 0.006b |
| Blue-collar workersc | 7 (14.0) | 19 (38.0) | |
| Previous episodes of LBP in the last year, n (%) | |||
| None | 11 (22.0) | 12 (24.0) | 0.102b |
| 1-2 | 28 (56.0) | 18 (36.0) | |
| 3-6 | 8 (16.0) | 10 (20.0) | |
| >6 | 3 (6.0) | 10 (20.0) | |
| Previous physical therapies, n (%) | |||
| None | 27 (54.0) | 29 (58.0) | 0.687b |
| At least oned | 23 (46.0) | 21 (42.0) | |
| Manual handling (load >10 Kg), n (%) | |||
| No | 43 (86.0) | 34 (68.0) | 0.032b |
| Yes | 7 (14.0) | 16 (32.0) | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Never | 27 (54.0) | 21 (42.0) | 0.448b |
| Former | 10 (20.0) | 11 (22.0) | |
| Current | 13 (26.0) | 18 (36.0) | |
| Outcome measures | |||
| RMDQ (0-24), mean (SD) | 7.1 (5.3) | 5.9 (4.6) | 0.253a |
| ODI (0-100%), mean (SD) | 22.5 (15.2) | 22.2 (12.2) | 0.908a |
| FFT (cm), mean (SD) | 15.7 (12.5) | 16.1 (12.9) | 0.879a |
| VAS (0-100 mm), mean (SD) | 60.9 (23.9) | 57.7 (22.0) | 0.485a |
