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Table 3 Eligibility criteria for the proximal humerus fracture group

From: Does osteoporosis increase complication risk in surgical fracture treatment? A protocol combining new endpoints for two prospective multicentre open cohort studies

Inclusion criteria (proximal humerus)

   • Radiologically confirmed closed fracture (≤ 10 days) of the proximal humerus

   • All dislocated (according to modified Neer*) proximal humerus fractures except dislocated fractures of the greater and lesser tuberosity

   • Primary fracture treatment with a PHILOS plate

   • Age ≥ 50 and ≤ 90 years

   • Normal (pre-trauma) function of both shoulders according to age

   • Monotrauma

   • Willing and able to give written informed consent to participate in the study

   • Willing and able to participate in the study follow-ups according to the study protocol

   • Willing and able to comply with the postoperative management program

   • Able to understand and read country national language at an elementary level

Exclusion criteria (proximal humerus)

   • Open proximal humerus fracture

   • Concomitant contralateral proximal humerus fracture

   • Previous proximal humerus fracture on either side after the age of 25

   • Time to operation > 10 days

   • Polytrauma

   • Cuff arthropathy of the contralateral proximal humerus

   • Associated nerve or vessel injury

   • Regular systemic therapy with corticosteroids due to chronic disease

   • Legal incompetence

   • Patient received radio- or chemotherapy prior to, during or within the last year

   • Currently diagnosed with active cancer

   • Recent history of substance abuse (i.e. recreational drugs, alcohol)

   • Prisoner

   • Currently involved in a pharmaceutical clinical study**

   • Has a disease process that would preclude accurate evaluation (e.g. neuromuscular or rheumatic disease, significant psychiatric or metabolic disorders)

  1. * Segment displacement > 0.5 cm or angulated > 45° [15].
  2. ** Simultaneous participation in another orthopaedic/surgical study with the same or another fracture will be approved by the principal clinical investigator