Table 1 Demographic factors
From: Low back pain: what determines functional outcome at six months? An observational study
Variable | N (%) | Missing (%) | n "0" at follow up (%) | Unadjusted odds ratio & CI | Unadjusted p-Value | Baseline Roland Morris adjusted Odds Ratio & CI | Adjusted p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age # | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   ≥ 43 years | 233 (49.4) |  | 34 (14.6) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   < 43 years | 230 (48.7) | 9 (1.9) | 29 (12.6) | 0.84 (0.50 to 1.44) | 0.517 | 0.61 (0.34 to 1.07) | 0.61 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Female | 274 (58.1) |  | 31 (11.3) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Male | 197 (41.7) | 1 (0.2) | 34 (17.3) | 1.64 (0.97 to 2.77) | 0.067 | 1.60 (0.93 to 2.77) | 0.09 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   White | 294 (62.3) |  | 51 (17.3) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Non-white | 173 (36.6) | 5 (1.1) | 13 (7.5) | 0.39 (0.20 to 0.74) | 0.004 | 0.52 (0.27 to 1.01) | 0.06 |
BMI # | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   ≥ 25 | 212 (44.9) |  | 27 (12.7) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   < 25 | 208 (44.1) | 52 (11) | 33 (15.9) | 1.29 (0.75 to 2.24) | 0.297 | 0.95 (0.54 to 1.70) | 0.92 |
Smoker | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Never smoked | 234 (49.6) |  | 26 (11.1) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Current or Ex-smoker | 235 (49.8) | 3 (0.6) | 38 (16.2) | 1.54 (0.90 to 2.64) | 0.112 | 1.74 (0.99 to 3.03) | 0.05 |
Physical Activity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Low | 274 (58.1) |  | 24 (8.8) | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   Medium | 121 (25.6) |  | 23 (19.0) | 2.45 (1.32 to 4.53) |  | 1.79 (0.94 to 3.40) |  |
   High | 54 (11.4) | 23 (4.9) | 13 (24.1) | 3.30 (1.56 to 7.00) | < 0.001 | 1.78 (0.79 to 3.98) | 0.04 |