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Table 2 Self-report outcome measures

From: Effects of preoperative neuromuscular electrical stimulation on quadriceps strength and functional recovery in total knee arthroplasty. A pilot study

 

Time

 

Baseline

Preoperative

+ 6 Weeks

+ 12 Weeks

WOMAC Pain

    

   NMES

11.7 ± 2.7

11.4 ± 3.3

7.9 ± 5.9

5.4 ± 4.0 a

   Control

10.0 ± 5.7

11.8 ± 4.0

5.4 ± 3.0

5.2 ± 4.3

WOMAC Function

    

   NMES

36.9 ± 11.3

34.7 ± 11.0

29.8 ± 16.9

19.9 ± 13.9

   Control

37.0 ± 15.7

38.4 +/- 14.4

24.2 ± 9.9

21.6 ± 11.3

WOMAC Stiffness

    

   NMES

5.0 ± 2.9

5.1 ± 1.8

4.6 ± 2.4

3.2 ± 2.0

   Control

4.8 ± 1.6

5.4 ± 1.3

4.6 ± 1.1

3.0 ± 1.4

SF-36 Physical Health

    

   NMES

41.0 ± 22.1

44.4 ± 18.7

35.7 ± 17.0

57.1 ± 18.0 b

   Control

39.0 ± 20.8

45.6 ± 17.8

39.0 ± 9.4

57.0 ± 25.2

SF-36 Mental Health

    

   NMES

63.7 ± 18.3

62.3 ± 17.5

58.6 ± 26.0

77.7 ± 14.7 b a

   Control

56.4 ± 22.6

68.6 ± 23.1

58.8 ± 19.5

71.0 ± 26.4

  1. Values are means ± SD;
  2. WOMAC - Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index; SF-36-Short Form 36
  3. ap < 0.05 vs. Preoperative; bp < 0.05 vs. + 6 Weeks