Exclusion/Inclusion | Reason |
---|---|
Patient will be excluded | signed informed consent |
 | 40 to 85 years |
 | has INC, as noted by leg/buttock/groin pain with or without back pain |
 | at least three months conservative treatment |
 | has a regular indication for surgical intervention INC |
 | has a narrowed lumbar spinal canal, nerve root canal or intervertebral foramen at one or two levels confirmed by MRI |
 | is physically and mentally willing and able to comply with, or has caregiver why is willing and able to comply with, the post-operative evaluations |
Patient will be included | has a cauda equina syndrome |
 | has a herniated disc at the same level, necessitating lumbar discectomy |
 | has Paget's disease, severe osteoporosis or metastasis to the vertebrae |
 | has significant scoliosis (Cobb angle >25 degrees) |
 | has had previous surgery of the same lumbar level |
 | has degenerative spondylolisthesis > grade 1 (scale 1 to 4) at the affected level |
 | has significant instability of the lumbar spine |
 | has severe co morbid conditions |
 | has a fused segment at the indicated level |