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Table 3 Cumulative lumbar load and lumbar disc disease among women

From: Cumulative occupational lumbar load and lumbar disc disease – results of a German multi-center case-control study (EPILIFT)

 

Control subjects

Lumbar disc herniation

Lumbar disc narrowing

 

N

%

N

%

Adj. ORa

95% CI

Adj. ORb

95% CI

N

%

Adj. ORa

95% CI

Adj. ORb

95% CI

Cumulative lumbar load through manual materials handling and/or intensive-load postures

   0 Nh

195

43.5

71

25.5

1.0

-

1.0

-

55

26.7

1.0

-

1.0

-

   >0 – <4.04*106Nh

84

18.8

55

19.8

1.9

1.2–3.0

1.6

1.1–2.7

28

13.6

1.4

0.8–2.5

1.2

0.6–2.1

   4.04 – <14.47*106Nh

85

19.0

74

26.6

2.7

1.8–4.2

2.4

1.6–3.8

50

24.3

2.9

1.8–5.0

2.3

1.3–3.9

   > = 14.47*106Nh

84

18.8

78

28.1

2.8

1.8–4.2

2.3

1.5–3.6

73

35.4

2.6

1.6–4.2

2.0

1.2–3.2

Cumulative lumbar load through manual materials handling

   0 Nh

218

48.7

92

33.1

1.0

-

1.0

-

61

29.6

1.0

-

1.0

-

   0 – <1.58*106Nh

76

17.0

46

16.5

1.5

1.0–2.4

0.8

0.4–1.6

20

9.7

1.3

0.7–2.4

1.3

0.5–3.3

   1.58 – <9.06*106Nh

77

17.2

70

25.2

2.4

1.6–3.6

1.0

0.5–1.9

62

30.1

3.5

2.1–5.6

3.0

1.3–6.8

   > = 9.06*106Nh

77

17.2

70

25.2

2.3

1.5–3.5

0.8

0.4–1.6

63

30.6

2.5

1.6–4.0

1.9

0.8–4.4

Cumulative lumbar load through intensive-load postures

   0 Nh

206

46.0

75

27.0

1.0

-

1.0

-

61

29.6

1.0

-

1.0

-

   >0 – <2.77*106Nh

80

17.9

52

18.7

1.9

1.2–3.0

1.9

1.0–3.7

24

11.7

1.3

0.7–2.4

0.7

0.3–1.7

   2.77 – 8.83 *106Nh

81

18.1

66

23.7

2.5

1.6–3.8

2.4

1.2–4.6

45

21.8

2.2

1.3–3.7

0.8

0.3–1.9

   > = 8.83*106Nh

81

18.1

85

30.6

3.2

2.1–4.9

3.2

1.6–6.3

76

36.9

2.8

1.8–4.5

1.1

0.5–2.7

Lag-time analysis I: Cumulative lumbar load up to 10 years prior to diagnosis or interview date (in controls) = exposure during last 10 years set to zero

   0 Nh

215

48.0

92

33.1

1.0

-

1.0

-

56

27.2

1.0

-

1.0

-

   >0 – <4.04*106Nh

97

21.7

60

21.6

1.5

1.0–2.3

1.4

0.9–2.1

37

18.0

1.6

1.0–2.7

1.4

0.8–2.3

   4.04 – <14.47*106Nh

70

15.6

62

22.3

2.5

1.6–3.9

2.2

1.4–3.4

44

21.4

2.9

1.7–5.0

2.2

1.3–3.9

   > = 14.47*106Nh

66

14.7

64

23.0

2.5

1.6–3.9

2.2

1.4–3.4

69

33.5

2.9

1.8–4.7

2.2

1.3–3.7

Lag-time analysis II: Cumulative lumbar load; solely subjects unexposed in the last 10 years prior to diagnosis or interview date (in controls) = subjects exposed in the last 10 years excluded

   0 Nh

195

75.9

71

64.5

1.0

-

1.0

-

55

53.4

1.0

-

1.0

-

   >0 – <4.04*106Nh

25

9.7

12

10.9

1.2

0.6–2.6

1.1

0.5–2.4

15

14.6

1.2

0.6–2.8

1.1

0.5–2.5

   4.04 – <14.47*106Nh

18

7.0

14

12.7

2.2

1.0–4.8

1.9

0.9–4.3

19

18.4

2.9

1.3–6.6

2.2

1.0–5.2

   > = 14.47*106Nh

19

7.4

13

11.8

1.4

0.6–3.1

1.3

0.6–3.0

14

13.6

1.2

0.5–2.8

1.1

0.4–2.5

  1. a Adjusted for age and region
  2. b Adjusted for age, region, and psychosocial workload; OR for manual materials handling additionally adjusted for intensive-load postures and vice versa
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