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Table 1 Overall results

From: Direction of the formation of anterior lumbar vertebral osteophytes

 

L1–2

L2–3

L3–4

L4–5

L5-S1

Group A

873 (29.4%)

641 (22.5%)

417 (14.6%)

568 (19.9%)

550 (19.3%)

Group B

916 (32.1%)

638 (22.4%)

501 (17.6%)

336 (11.8%)

279 (9.8%)

Group C

371 (13.0%)

412 (14.4%)

229 (8.0%)

152 (5.3%)

108 (3.8%)

Group D

193 (6.8%)

265 (9.3%)

915 (32.1%)

1284 (45.1%)

1037 (36.4%)

Group E

398 (14.0%)

761 (26.7%)

684 (24.0%)

439 (15.4%)

778 (27.3%)

Group F

135 (4.7%)

133 (4.7%)

104 (3.7%)

71 (2.5%)

98 (3.4%)

  1. Group A: no osteophytes
  2. Group B: the pair of osteophytes extended in the direction of the adjacent disc
  3. Group C: almost complete bone bridge formation by a pair of osteophytes across the intervertebral disc space
  4. Group D: the pair of osteophytes extended in a direction away from the adjacent disc
  5. Group E: the osteophytes extended nearly horizontally to the vertebral body border without closing the intervertebral disc space
  6. Group F: ungroupable