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Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics (N = 170)

From: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline differences of candidates for rotator cuff surgery: a sex and gender perspective

Variables

Women(%)

Men(%)

Statistics P values

Age (Mean, SD)

59.00 (11.07)

54.85(10.47)

t value: 2.51

p = 0.013

Range

36–87

32–78

ES:0.39 (0.08–0.69)

BMI

   

   • Normal < 25

22 (26%)

11 (13%)

χ 2 : 9.027

   • Overweight (25.0–29.99)

26 (30%)

44 (52%)

P = 0.011

   • Obese (≥ 30.0)

37 (44%)

30 (35%)

 

Comorbidity (Mean, SD)

3.34 (2.82)

2.61 (2.54)

t value: 1.78

p = 0.0764

Smoking

   

   • Yes

9 (11%)

16 (19%)

χ2: 2.29

   • No

76(89%)

69 (81%)

p = 0.1295

Hand Dominance

   

   • Right

78 (92%)

77 (91%)

Exact Fisher's: 0.10

   • Left

7 (8%)

7 (8%)

p = 1.00

   • Bilateral

None

1 (1%)

 

Affected Side

   

   • Right

48 (57%)

42 (49%)

χ2: 4.90

   • Left

14 (16%)

26 (31%)

p = 0.086

   • Bilateral

23 (27%)

17 (20%)

 

Side operated on

   

   • Right

61 (72%)

50 (59%)

χ2: 3.14

   • Left

24 (41%)

35 (41%)

p = 0.076

Symptom duration in months (Mean, SD)

45.06(71)

47.98 (60)

t value: -0.29

p = 0.77

Symptoms characteristics

   

   • Pain on movement

66 (78%)

67(79%)

χ2: 0.0345, p = 0.85

   • Night pain

59 (69%)

51(60%)

χ2: 0.0, p = 1.00

   • Weakness

57 (67%)

56 (66%)

χ2: 0.0, p = 1.00

   • Catching/Clicking/Grinding

40 (47%)

40 (47%)

χ2: 0.0, p = 1.00

Extent of bony pathology

   

   • AC joint arthritis

55(65%)

67(74%)

χ 2 : 4.18, p = 0.04

   • GH Arthritis

22(26%)

23(27%)

χ2: 0.05, p = 0.81

   • Superior migration of humeral head

   

   • Subacromial Spurs

22(26%)

23(27%)

χ2: 0.03, p = 0.86

   • Calcified Tendinitis

77(91%)

78(92%)

χ2: 0.7, p = 0.87

   • Osteolysis of end of clavicle

5(6%)

6(7%)

χ2: 0.09, p = 0.76

   • Osacromiale

0(0%)

3(4%)

Fisher's test: 0.12, p = 0.24

 

1(1%)

1(1%)

Fisher's test: 0.50, p = 1.00

Mechanism of injury

   

   • Insidious

29 (34%)

23(27%)

χ2: 0.99, p = 0.31

   • Repetitive activities

14(17%)

13 (15%)

χ2: 0.44, p = 0.83

   • Fall

15 (18%)

10 (12%)

χ2: 1.172, p = 0.28

   • Traumatic

10 (12%)

21 (25%)

χ 2 : 4.77, p = 0.03

Work Status (active work-related claim related to shoulder): 36/170

20(24%)

16(19%)

χ2: 0.56, p = 0.45

Type of surgery

   

   • Rotator Cuff repair

44 (52%)

50 (59%)

χ2: 0.85, p = 0.35

   • Resection of lateral Clavicle

49(58%)

63 (74%)

χ 2 : 5.13, p = 0.02

   • Acromioplasty

77 (91%)

84 (99%)

Exact Fisher's: 0.015

p = 0.03

Size of full-thickness tear

   

   • Small

2 (2%)

2 (2%)

Exact Fisher's: 0.65

   • Moderate

31 (33%)

36 (38%)

p = 0.86

   • Large

12 (13%)

11 (12%)

 

Medication taken

   

   • Yes

32 (39%)

41(47%)

χ2: 1.94, p = 0.16

   • No

53 (61%)

44(52%)

 

Participation limitation

   

   • Low

31 (36%)

45 (53%)

 

   • Moderate

18 (21%)

25 (29%)

χ 2 : 12.36, p = 0.002

   • High

36(42%)

15(18%)

 

Strength (Mean, SD)

(Elevation in scapular plane, lb)

   

   • Affected side

2.89(2.89)

7.01 (4.76)

-6.03 p < 0.0001

   • Opposite side

7.81(3.28)

13.31(5.49)

-7.06 p < 0.0001

Range of motion (Mean, SD)

   

Active flexion (0/180)

119 (42)

139 (39)

-3.23 0.001

Passive flexion (0/180)

149 (29)

156 (25)

-1.43 0.1528

Active abduction (0/180)

106 (47)

128 (43)

-2.91 0.002

Passive abduction (0/180)

138 (37)

147 (30)

-1.36 0.17

Active external rotation (0/90)

46(19)

54(35)

-1.11 0.270

Passive external rotation (0/90)

56(19)

71(25)

0.977 0.329

Combined painfree range of motion (0/40)

   

(Mean, SD)

   

Flexion: 10

   

Abduction: 10

19.07 (9.61)

23.08 (9.92)

-2.65 0.009

External Rotation: 10

   

Internal Rotation: 10

   
  1. AC: Acromioclavicular
  2. BMI: Body Mass Index
  3. GH: Glenohumeral
  4. SD: Standard Deviation
  5. χ2:Chi-Square