McGill pain questionnaire (# of words circled) (N = 49) | 8.8 ± 4.9 |
Duration of pain (years) (N = 52) | 10.0 ± 7.1 |
Current pain intensity (0-10 scale) (N = 54) | 3.2 ± 2.2 |
Exacerbation intensity (0-10 scale) (N = 51) | 6.1 ± 2.2 |
Exacerbation frequency (N = 52) | Â |
   Yearly | 12% |
   Monthly | 29% |
   Weekly | 30% |
   Daily | 29% |
Exacerbation duration (days) (N = 51) | 24.1 ± 86.1 |
Percent initial injury (N = 52) | 42% |
Oswestry disability scale (N = 51) | Â |
   Mild | 67% |
   Moderate | 21% |
   Severe | 12% |