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Table 2 Features of the VOAA-DDD beads and muffin tasks

From: Validity and reliability of the VOAA-DDD to assess spontaneous hand use with a video observation tool in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy

 

Duration Scores

Frequency scores

Objective

To determine the percentage of spontaneous use of the affected arm and hand in a fixed time period

To determine the occurrence of specific motor behaviours of the affected arm and hand during different subtasks

Time-related

Yes

No

Observed motor

Use of the affected arm and hand

Reaches

behaviour

No use of the affected arm and hand

Grasps*

  

Holds*

  

Releases*

  

Puts back on place

  

Stabilizes

  

Shakes/pours

  

Pushes/pulls/shoves/rubs

  

Catches/carries

  

Manipulates

Scores

Duration beads:

total % of use of the affected arm and hand related to the time for completing the beads task

B-score: total of basic Grasps,

Holds and Releases observations during the tasks

  

A-score: total of advanced Grasps, Holds and Releases observation during the beads task

  

V-score: total of the following behaviours during both tasks:

 

Duration muffin:

total % of use of the affected arm and hand related to the time for completing the muffin task

1. Stabilizes, 2. Reaches, 3. Puts back on place, 4. Shakes/pours, 5. Pushes/pulls/shoves/rubs, 6. Catches/carries, 7. Manipulates, 8. advanced Grasps, 9. advanced Holds and 10. advanced Releases

  1. * With regard to the behaviours Grasps, Holds, and Releases we used both a basic (B) and an advanced (A) description for the beads task; for the muffin task we used only a basic (B) score. Criteria are related to the quality of the performance; for all active behaviours a B-score is obtained, but for higher qualitative grasping, holding and releasing an A-score can be gained. E.g. all active releasing is a B-score, but releasing with wrist extension gives an A-score.