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Table 3 Depression and anxiety scores for different levels of neck pain

From: Depression and anxiety as major determinants of neck pain: a cross-sectional study in general practice

Psychosocial

characteristics

NPAD-d in

lowest quartile

NPAD-d in

middle quartiles

NPAD-d in

highest quartile

p-Valueb

Depression (HADS Depression subscale, range 0–21, mean values ± standard deviation)

3.49 ± 2.78

5.22 ± 3.54

7.65 ± 3.88

<0.001

Anxiety (HADS Anxiety subscale, range 0–21, mean values ± standard deviation)

5.95 ± 3.77

7.92 ± 3.79

10.16 ± 3.92

<0.001

  1. a NPAD-d: Neck Pain and Disability Scale German version
  2. b derived from ANOVA statistics